猜想与假设是科学假说的不同称谓，虽有所不同，其实质却是一样的，它们都是科学探究中的核心要素，是探究的重要环节，是思维发散最为活跃的阶段。所谓假设，就是指在观察和实验的基础上，根据科学原理和科学事实进行理性思维和加工以后，对未知的自然现象及其规律所作的假定性解释和说明。在一般的学习中，通过日常经验或已知的事实进行猜想与假设是十分常见的。其操作顺序为：提出问题——运用已有的经验——作出猜想与假设。其中，已有的经验包括：大脑中的已有知识、日常现象实例、实验现象等。例如：伽利略在教堂中通过观察吊灯的摆动现象提出假设：吊灯每次摆动的时间可能是一样的。又如：根据衣服在太阳下干得快，衣服在有风处干得快，衣服摊开晾干得快等现象，我们提出：蒸发快慢可能与液体的温度、表面积、液体表面上空气的流动速度等因素有关。再如：发现自行车车胎瘪 Guess and hypothesis are different titles of the scientific hypothesis. Although they are different, their essence is the same. They are the core elements of scientific inquiry, the important part of inquiry, and the most active stage of thinking divergence. The so-called hypothesis refers to the hypothetical explanation and explanation of unknown natural phenomena and their laws after rational thinking and processing based on scientific principles and scientific facts on the basis of observation and experimentation. In general learning, guesswork and assumptions are very common through daily experience or known facts. The order of its operations is: asking questions - using existing experience - making conjectures and assumptions. Among them, existing experiences include: existing knowledge in the brain, examples of daily phenomena, and experimental phenomena. For example: Galileo puts forward an assumption in the church by observing the swinging phenomenon of the chandelier: the time for each swing of the chandelier may be the same. Another example: According to the clothes drying fast in the sun, the clothes drying fast in the wind, the clothes spread out to dry quickly and so on, we proposed: evaporation speed may be related to the temperature of the liquid, surface area, the flow of air on the liquid surface Speed ​​and other factors. Another example: finding a bicycle tire