很早以前就知道贯穿放射能伤害眼睛;这种伤害常在用大剂量对眼睑、面部和眼窝的肿瘤作局部X线疗法和放射疗法时,作为并发病和后发病而见到。在照射后数日,眼睑发红并浮肿,稍后则睫毛脱落、皮肤萎缩而且毛细管扩张。眼结膜对700—800伦琴的照射量发生反应,表现为充血(经过3—7—10天)并且分泌加强。这些症状很快便完全消失。受到很大剂量照射时,一般则出现结膜浮肿和细胞浸润,有时出现坏死和组织溃烂,而且这种溃烂的治愈很慢,最后成为瘢痕收缩和干燥病。此时,在结膜以及虹膜、脉络膜和视网膜里,常可以见到囊状的血管扩张。 It has been known long time ago that radiation can damage the eye; this injury is often seen as a comorbidity and post-morbidity with high-dose topography and radiotherapy of eyelids, facial and orbital tumors. A few days after irradiation, the eyelids became red and swollen, and later the lashes were exfoliated, the skin atrophy and the capillaries dilated. The conjunctiva responds to doses of 700-800 roentgens, showing congestion (after 3-7-10 days) and increased secretion. These symptoms disappear completely soon. When exposed to very high doses, conjunctival edema and cell infiltration are common, with necrosis and tissue ulceration sometimes seen, and this ulceration is slow to cure and eventually becomes scarring and drying. At this point, cystic vasodilation can often be seen in the conjunctiva as well as in the iris, choroid and retina.