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目的 探讨直肠超声（Ｅｎｄｏｒｅｃｔａｌ Ｕｌｔｒａｓｏｎｏｇｒａｐｈｙ，ＥＵＳ）对直肠癌检诊的临床意义。方法 对比分析我院普外科１９９６年５月至１９９８年１０月３８例ＥＵＳ与直肠癌术后病理对比。结果 ２例因直肠肿块距肛门超过１２．０ｃｍ而未被探及；ＥＵＳ提示直肠实性占位性病变３６例，其中浸及粘膜肌层和粘膜下层７例，病理诊断为８例，符合率８８％：肌层，ＥＵＳ为１７例，病理为１５例，符合率为８８％；浆膜或浆膜外层，ＥＵＳ为１２例，病理为１５例，符合率８０％：总符合率为８３％（Ｐ＞０．０５）：ＥＵＳ显示有直肠旁淋巴结转移１８例，病理为２７例，符合率为６２％（Ｐ＞０．０５）：ＥＵＳ提示有周围器官浸润７例，病理为８例。结论 术前ＥＵＳ可了解直肠癌的浸润程度，有无淋巴结转移及周围器官受累情况，对手术方式有很大的帮助。
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of rectal cancer. Methods Comparing the postoperative pathology of 38 cases of EUS with rectal cancer in general surgery department from May 1996 to October 1998 in our hospital. Results Two cases were not detected because the mass of the rectum was more than 12.0 cm from the anus. EUS revealed 36 cases of solid space occupying lesions in the rectum, of which 7 cases were immersed and mucosa and submucosa. The pathological diagnosis was 8 cases, 88% of the muscularis, EUS was 17 cases, the pathology of 15 cases, the coincidence rate was 88%; serosal or serosal outer layer, EUS was 12 cases, the pathology of 15 cases, the coincidence rate of 80%: the total coincidence rate of 83 % (P> 0.05). There were 18 cases with EOC and 27 cases with pathological findings. The coincidence rate was 62% (P> 0.05). There were 7 cases of peripheral organ infiltration in EUS and 8 cases . Conclusion Preoperative EUS can understand the degree of infiltration of rectal cancer, with or without lymph node metastasis and peripheral organ involvement, which is of great help to the surgical approach.