我想通过别里科夫与华老栓的比较,可能更容易清晰地看到别里科夫的典型意义。我们先从华老栓说起。华老栓是旧时代劳动群众的悲剧形象,他的悲剧性不在于他经济上的贫困,而在于他经济上的贫困与思想上的愚昧的尖锐对立。贫困,这从本质上说明他被统治被压迫的阶级地位,这种被统治被压迫的阶级地位要求他迅速觉醒,为解放自己而斗争,而愚昧却象个巨大的幽灵,在灵魂深处对华老栓实行最严密最残酷的统治,他不仅不能理解夏瑜的革命壮举对解放自己的意义,连他自己被欺凌被侮辱的悲惨人生也习以为常,麻木无知。他这种被统治被压迫的阶级地位和不自觉地成为统治阶级的思想俘虏的悲剧现象,正是他作为一个文学形象的美学价值和典型意义所在。鲁迅先生正是通过华老栓的悲剧,揭露了统治阶级对劳动群众在精神上的毒化,揭示了中国国民身上的那种沉重的惰力。 I think it may be easier to clearly see the typical significance of Belikov through the comparison between Belizev and China. Let's start with the Chinese old bolt. Huashaolinguan is a tragedy image of the working masses in the old times. His tragedy is not about his economic poverty, but the sharp opposition between his economic poverty and his ideological ignorance. Poverty, which essentially shows that he was ruled by the oppressed class position, was ruled by oppression of his class status requires him to wake up quickly to fight for the liberation of themselves, but ignorance is like a ghost, in the depths of the soul As the most strict and cruel rule pursued by China and Laos, he not only failed to understand the significance of Xia Yu's revolutionary feat for liberating himself, but also used to ignoring the miserable life insulted by himself. His tragedy phenomenon of being dominated and oppressed by the class status and unconsciously becoming the captive of the ruling class ideals is precisely the aesthetic value and typical significance of his literary image. It is through the tragedy of Huashaoluan that Lu Xun exposed the mental poisoning of the working masses by the ruling class and revealed the heavy inertia of Chinese nationals.