目的：研究α苦瓜子蛋白（αＭＭＣ）在ＨＩＶ１急性和慢性感染Ｔ淋巴细胞中的抗ＨＩＶ１活性．方法：以合胞体抑制实验，ＨＩＶ１ｐ２４核心抗原表达水平和ＨＩＶ抗原阳性细胞的百分率检测了αＭＭＣ的抗ＨＩＶ活性．结果：αＭＭＣ对ＨＩＶ１ⅢＢ诱导Ｃ８１６６细胞形成合胞体有显著的抑制作用．αＭＭＣ显著地抑制了ＨＩＶ１急性感染Ｔ细胞中ｐ２４抗原的表达水平和减少了ＨＩＶ抗原阳性细胞的百分率．在上述三种测定中，αＭＭＣ的ＥＣ５０分别是００１６，００７和０３２ｍｇ·Ｌ－１．但是，αＭＭＣ不影响慢性感染ＨＩＶ１ⅢＢ／Ｈ９中ｐ２４抗原表达水平．结论：αＭＭＣ是苦瓜子蛋白中唯一的具有抗ＨＩＶ１活性的成份．αＭＭＣ抑制急性感染中ＨＩＶ１的复制而对慢性感染Ｔ细胞中的ＨＩＶ１复制无影响． Objective: To study the α-bitter melon protein (α  MMC) in HIV  1 acute and chronic infection of T lymphocytes anti-HIV  1 activity. Methods: The inhibition of syncytia, HIV 1p24 core antigen expression levels and the percentage of HIV antigen-positive cells detected α  MMC anti-HIV activity. Results: α  MMC on HIV  1  Ⅲ B induced C8166 cells formed syncytia significantly inhibited. α  MMC significantly inhibited the HIV  1 acute infection T cells p24 antigen expression levels and reduce the percentage of HIV antigen positive cells. In the above three assays, the EC50 of α-MMC was 0016, 007 and 032 mg · L-1, respectively. However, α  MMC does not affect the chronic infection of HIV  1 Ⅲ B / H9 p24 antigen expression levels. Conclusion: αMMC is the only component of bitter melon protein with anti HIV1 activity. α  MMC inhibition of acute infection in HIV 1 replication and chronic infection of T cells in HIV 1 replication had no effect.