For the protection of the health of mothers and children, Chinese government has paid much attention to maternal and child health (MCH) after the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. MCH, preventive and curative medicine are considered the three major tasks of China’s health work. Safe motherhood and decrease of maternal and infant mortality have been particularly marked since 1949. Maternal mortality has dropped from 1500/100000 in 1949 to 94.7/100000 in 1989 and infant mortality dropped from 200‰ to 51.1‰ in 1986. With the reform of economic System and open policy in the recent 10 years, maternal health care has been greatly improved. For the protection of the health of mothers and children, Chinese government has paid much attention to maternal and child health (MCH) after the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949. MCH, preventive and curative medicine are considered the three major tasks of China’s health work. Safe motherhood and decrease of maternal and infant mortality have been especially marked since 1949. Maternal mortality has dropped from 1500/100000 in 1949 to 94.7 / 100000 in 1989 and infant mortality dropped from 200 ‰ to 51.1 ‰ in 1986. With the reform of economic System and open policy in the recent 10 years, maternal health care has been greatly improved.