在社会主义现代化建设和改革开放的新时期里,邓小平同志根据新的实践中出现的新情况、新问题,开拓新思路,在哲学、政治经济学和科学社会主义等学科创造性地继承和发展了马克思主义。而邓小平的哲学思想则是他的建设有中国特色社会主义理论的基石。虽然邓小平的哲学思想没有采取哲学专著的形式,却以另一种形式即实际工作中的哲学形式表现出来,因此它是一种现实性应用性很强的哲学,是具有当代中国特色的实事求是的哲学。邓小平同志从实事求是的角度对马克思主义哲学作了新的概括,因此他哲学中的唯物论、辨证法,认识论和唯物史观都与中国社会主义的实际紧密相联,具有强烈的时代气息。 一百多年前,马克思和恩格斯创立了辨证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的哲学理论。他们从哲学基本问题出发,指出了物质和意识的关系问题是划分唯物论和唯心论的唯一标准,阐明了世界物质统一性的基本原理,因而要求人们观察事物必须从物质第一性,意识第二性的基本立场出发,按照世界的本来面目反映世界。一百多年后,毛泽东同志把这条辨证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的思想路线用中国语言概括 In the new era of socialist modernization and reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping inherited and developed creatively new disciplines of philosophy, political economy and scientific socialism according to the new situations and new problems that emerged in the new practice and opened up new ideas Marxism. And Deng Xiaoping’s philosophical thought is the cornerstone of his theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Although Deng Xiaoping’s philosophical thought did not take the form of philosophical monograph but was manifested in another form, that is, the philosophical form of actual work, it is a philosophy of strong practical applicability and of seeking truth from facts with contemporary Chinese characteristics philosophy. Comrade Deng Xiaoping made a new generalization of Marxist philosophy from the perspective of seeking truth from facts. Therefore, the materialism, dialectics, epistemology and historical materialism in his philosophy are closely linked with the reality of socialism in China and have a strong atmosphere of the times. A hundred years ago, Marx and Engels founded the philosophical theory of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. Starting from their basic philosophical problems, they pointed out that the issue of the relationship between material and consciousness is the only criterion for dividing materialism and idealism, clarifying the basic principles of material unity in the world and requiring people to observe things from the perspective of material firstness, consciousness Based on the basic position of both sexes, they reflect the world according to the true features of the world. One hundred years later, Comrade Mao Tse-tung outlined the ideological line of dialectical materialism and historical materialism in Chinese language