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本文从剩余价值积累和有效劳动增长之间张力的角度出发,分析了利润率递减规律。本文首先说明了根据该规律的标准解释在逻辑上不能推出资本有机构成的提高,然后集中分析了累积剩余资本在附加不变资本和附加可交资本之间的分配,并以此为起点,分析了在不变资本的使用上,资本有机构成应在什么水平上经济才是有效率的。本文将利润率递减与其相反趋势有机联系起来,用剩余价值积累的一个动态模型来分析剩余价值增长率与资本折旧率对利润率的影响。本文最后讨论了有关利润率下降规律方面的国家干预,并分别探讨了:国家对剩余价值积累的影响,国家不能实现的公共部门工人提供的劳动及其在集体生产方式下的实现,作为必要劳动的非生产性公共开支。
This paper analyzes the law of decreasing profit margins from the perspective of the tension between the accumulation of surplus value and the growth of effective labor. This paper first shows that according to the standard interpretation of the law, it can not logically introduce the increase of the organic composition of capital, and then focuses on the analysis of the distribution of accumulated surplus capital between the additional constant capital and the additional negotiable capital. In the use of constant capital, the degree to which the organic composition of capital should be economically efficient. This paper organically links the declining profit margin with its opposite trend, and uses a dynamic model of residual value accumulation to analyze the impact of the growth rate of residual value and the depreciation rate of capital on the profit rate. At the end of this paper, we discuss the state intervention in the law of declining profit margins and discuss separately the impact of the state on the accumulation of surplus value, the labor provided by the public sector workers that can not be achieved by the state, and its realization under the collective mode of production. Of unproductive public expenditure.