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ITER聚变反应堆上Nb3Sn超导股线是由脆性金属间化合物构成的,由于其间各组分不同的热胀冷缩系数和不同的弹性模量,使得股线从热反应温度或热处理温度到室温、以至到低温运行时,会在Nb3Sn复合物中产生热应变。为了研究Nb3Sn的热应变和构建相应的数学模型,进行了加热期间局部应变测量以及室温下的拉力测试。根据Nb3Sn股线不同组分应力/应变曲线所显示的弹塑特性,对它们进行量化分析。测试分析发现,在室温下沿轴向加载到Nb3Sn超导丝的局部应变是压缩应变,高温下是拉应变;另外用数值分析计算方法可以再现依靠温度的轴向热应变。
The Nb3Sn superconducting strands on the ITER fusion reactor are composed of brittle intermetallic compounds. Due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion and contraction and the different elastic moduli of the components, the strands are heated from the thermal reaction temperature or the heat treatment temperature to room temperature, Even to low temperature operation, will produce thermal strain in the Nb3Sn complex. In order to investigate the thermal strain of Nb3Sn and to construct the corresponding mathematical model, local strain measurements during heating and tensile tests at room temperature were performed. According to the elastic-plastic properties of the stress-strain curve of different components of Nb3Sn strand, they were quantitatively analyzed. The test results show that the local strain of Nb3Sn superconducting filaments loaded axially at room temperature is compressive strain and tensile strain is observed at high temperature. In addition, the axial thermal strain dependent on temperature can be reconstructed by numerical analysis.