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在社社会主义生产建設和日常生活中,人們为了很好地貫彻勤俭建国勤俭持家的精神,都在考虑如何才能用最少的原材料和最少的劳动力收到最大的效果。例如食品厂工人在做罐头盒吋就須研究如何用最少的洋鉄片或紙皮做成一定容积的盒子。又如建筑工人在修筑下水道吋,也得考虑怎样修筑才能使水道排水效能最好。諸如此类的問題在数学中总称之为“极大极小問題”。解决这类問題的强有力工具是微分学和变分学,但在不少情况下,只用初等数学也可以解决。本文就从如何利用高中代数、三角和几何的知識来解决这些問題作一簡单介紹。
In the socialist production and construction and daily life, people are considering how to use the least raw materials and the least labor to receive the greatest results in order to implement the spirit of diligent, diligent, and homely support. For example, a food factory worker who works in a tin box must study how to make a box with a minimum volume of potato chips or paper. Another example is how construction workers are building sewers. They also have to consider how they can build so that the water drainage capacity is best. Problems such as these are generally referred to in mathematics as “maximum minimum problems.” The powerful tools for solving such problems are differential calculus and variational calculus, but in many cases, only elementary mathematics can be used to solve it. This article gives a brief introduction to how to use the knowledge of high school algebra, triangles and geometry to solve these problems.