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结核病是一种慢性传染病,它不像天花,不像脊髓灰质炎,打了疫苗也无法保证绝对不得结核病。近年来,由于人们对结核病警惕性放松,贫困及流动人口的大量增加,以及耐药菌株、艾滋病的出现,结核病在世界各地都出现了大回升。目前,全球约有1/3的人感染了结核菌,在现有的2000万结核病人中,95％在发展中国家。每年全世界新出现约900万病人,其中75％的病人年龄在45～50岁。如不控制,今后10年还将有9000万人发病。鉴于结核病的严重危害,世界卫生组织于1993年宣布全球结核病紧急状态,1998年首次将3月24日的“世界防治结核病日”列为联合国重要的国际卫生事件。
Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease. It is not like smallpox, unlike poliomyelitis. Vaccination does not guarantee absolutely no tuberculosis. In recent years, with the vigorous relaxation of tuberculosis, the substantial increase in poverty and floating population, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains and AIDS, there has been a great rebound in tuberculosis around the world. At present, about one third of the world’s people are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, of which 95% of the 20 million existing tuberculosis patients are in developing countries. Approximately 9 million new patients emerge each year worldwide, 75% of whom are between 45 and 50 years of age. If not controlled, there will be 90 million people in the next 10 years. In view of the serious harm of tuberculosis, the World Health Organization declared the global tuberculosis emergency in 1993 and, for the first time in 1998, listed “World Tuberculosis Day” on 24 March as an important international health event of the United Nations.