要把发展国民经济切实转移到依靠技术进步的轨道上来,其中一个关键问题,是激励企业的技术需求和提高企业的技术开发能力。企业对技术的需求及其消化吸收新技术、开发新产品的能力,直接决定着科技与经济结合的深度与广度,关系着企业的生存、发展和国家经济的兴衰。企业技术开发能力的强弱则是经济建设对科学技术需求的关键因素,这一因素确定了研究与开发(R&D)的宏观结构及层次,引导着研究与开 One of the key issues to effectively transfer the development of the national economy to rely on technological progress is to motivate the company’s technological needs and improve the company’s technological development capabilities. The enterprise’s demand for technology and its ability to digest and absorb new technologies and develop new products directly determine the depth and breadth of the combination of science and technology with the economy, and it is related to the survival and development of enterprises and the rise and fall of the national economy. The strength of technological development capabilities of enterprises is a key factor for the demand for science and technology in economic construction. This factor determines the macro structure and levels of research and development (R&D), and guides research and development.