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目的了解我国某航空公司民航飞行员营养知识和饮食习惯的现状,提出干预对策。方法随机抽取某航空公司民航飞行员167名进行问卷调查。结果在营养知识问卷中,体重正常组(18.5≤BMI<24)的营养知识问答正确率在各项问题中均低于超重组(24≤BMI≤28),且对于“食盐过多易诱发高血压病”和“吃糖过多易引起糖尿病”两个问题,正常组和超重组两组之间的正确率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。58.4%的飞行员每周食用早餐的次数≥5次,且51.9%均在单位食用早餐。体重正常组更多偏向于清淡(47.0%)和偏油腻(33.0%),超重组口味偏向于清淡(41.8%)和偏咸(27.2%)。体重正常组(3.0%)食用腌制或油炸食品频次高于超重组(1.9%)。结论在营养知识和饮食习惯方面,需要对民航飞行员进行更多的健康教育培训,让他们获得更多的营养饮食知识,改变不良的饮食习惯。
Objective To understand the status quo of nutritional knowledge and dietary habits of civil aviation pilots in an airline in China and to propose intervention measures. Methods We randomly selected 167 civil aviation pilots of a certain airline for questionnaire survey. Results In the nutrition knowledge questionnaire, the accuracy rate of nutritional knowledge quiz in normal weight group (18.5≤BMI <24) was lower than that in overweight group (24≤BMI≤28), and “ Hypertension ”and“ too much sugar can easily lead to diabetes, ”two problems, the correct rate between the two groups of normal group and overweight group was statistically significant (P <0.05). 58.4% of pilots ate breakfast more than 5 times a week, and 51.9% of them had breakfast in their unit. The normal weight group was more inclined to lightness (47.0%) and oily (33.0%), while the overweight group tended to be light (41.8%) and salty (27.2%). The normal weight group (3.0%) had a higher frequency of marinated or fried foods than the overweight group (1.9%). Conclusion In terms of nutrition knowledge and eating habits, civil aviation pilots need to be given more health education and training so that they can gain more nutrition and diet knowledge and change bad eating habits.