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目的 探讨HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎和HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床特征.方法 回顾性分析96例慢性乙型肝炎患者的临床资料,包括肝功能、HBV DNA定量及肝组织病理学检查等.结果 96例慢性乙型肝炎患者中,38例为HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎患者,平均年龄为32±8岁;58例为HBeAg阳性患者,平均年龄为35±8岁,两组比较无统计学差异(t=1.546,P=0.125).两组患者在丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平比较无统计学差异(x2=0.056,P =0.81).HBeAg阴性组HBVDNA水平为4.28±0.97 copies/mL,HBeAg阳性组HBV DNA水平为6.12±1.16 copies/mL,两组比较有统计学差异(t=10.32,P ＜0.001).45例患者进行了肝组织病理穿刺检查术,HBeAg阴性组11例,HBeAg阳性组34例.两组患者在炎症程度差别无统计学意义(x2=3.053,P=0.238),在纤维化程度差别有统计学意义(x2 =6.000,P=0.048).结论 HBeAg阴性患者的平均年龄与HBeAg阳性者没有统计学差异,HBV DNA载量低于HBeAg阳性组,肝脏组织纤维化程度较HBeAg阳性组严重.HBeAg阴性组ALT水平和肝脏组织炎症程度与HBeAg阳性组无差异.“,”Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with CHB were analyzed retrospectively,including baseline characteristics,liver function,HBV DNA loads and liver histopathology.Results Among 96 CHB patients,38 cases were HBeAg-negative,whose average age were 32 ± 8 years old,and 58 cases were HBeAg-positive,whose average age were 35 ± 8 years old.There was significant difference in average age between two groups (t =1.546,P =0.125).The difference of ALT level between two groups was not significant (x2 =0.056,P =0.81).The HBV DNA loads of HBeAg-negative patients with CHB were 4.28 ±0.97 copies/mL and HBeAg-positive were 6.12 ± 1.16copies/mL,and there was a significant difference between thses two groups (t =10.32,P ＜ 0.001).The hepatic histopathology exaninations were carried out in 45 patients,and 11 cases were HBeAg-negative while other 34 cases were HBeAg-positive.There was no statistically significant in inflammation grade of liver tissue between HBeAg -negative and HBeAg-positive patients with CHB (x2 =3.053,P =0.238),while there was statistically significant in fibrosis stage between two groups (x2 =6.000,P =0.048).Conclusions There is no statistically significant differences between the HBeAg-negative patients and HBeAg-positive patients in age.The levels of HBV DNA in HBeAg-negative patients with CHB are lower than HBeAg-positive patients.The levels of fibrosis stage in HBeAg-negative patients with CHB are higher than HBeAg-positive patients.However,there are no difference in ALT levels and inflammation grade between HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive patients with CHB.