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1954年,美国最高法院在布朗案判决中宣布公立教育中的种族隔离违宪,这是国际国内多种因素共同作用的结果。二战后,随着法西斯主义的灭亡和世界殖民体系的逐渐瓦解,种族平等已经成为不可抗拒的时代潮流。美国经济的发展和居民收入的提高,为种族关系的改善创造了良好的经济环境。南部人口的大量外迁,不仅导致了种族主义势力的减弱,也促进了黑人政治地位的提高。美国联邦政府的种族政策在此之前进行了诸多调整,为布朗案判决的出台做出了政策铺垫。
In 1954, the Supreme Court of the United States announced in the Brown decision that apartheid in public education is unconstitutional, which is the result of a combination of many factors, both international and domestic. After World War II, with the demise of fascism and the gradual collapse of the world’s colonial system, racial equality has become an irresistible trend of the times. The economic development in the United States and the increase in the income of the residents have created a favorable economic environment for the improvement of ethnic relations. The massive relocation of the southern population not only led to the reduction of racist forces but also promoted the improvement of the political status of blacks. Prior to this, the federal government’s ethnic policy has made many adjustments and has laid the groundwork for the promulgation of the Brown case.