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“现代化”至今仍然是我们民族的追求和梦想。现代化“一方面仿佛是我们未来命运的宣示 ,另一方面也是我们百年未了的悲情刻写。”① 但是我们对我们自己所追求的东西长久以来都不是很明白的。现代化追求的就是“现代性”(modernity)。虽然西方社会比我们更早地开始了现代化进程 ,更早地意识到了现代社会与传统社会的差异 ,但系统地反思什么是“现代性” ,也是晚近才开始的。现代性是一个内涵非常丰富的综合概念 ,它可以从经济、政治、宗教、艺术、哲学多方面来理解。一般说来 ,“现代化”就是从传统农业社会向现代工业社会转变的进程 ,而“现代性”这个概念用来标志现代社会的根本特征及其与传统社会的本质差别。本文并非对于现代性和现代性问题的专门研究 ,而仅是从学界已经做出的研究出发 ,对这一概念择要描述 ,②以资说明原创文化研究为解决现代性问题提供的可能途径。
“Modernization” is still the pursuit and dream of our nation. Modernization “on the one hand seemed to be the proclamation of our future destiny, on the other hand, our centuries-old tragedy of writing.” ① But what we ourselves have long been pursuing is not well understood. The pursuit of modernization is “modernity.” Although western society started the process of modernization earlier than us and realized the differences between modern society and traditional society earlier, it is only recently that what is “modernity” is systematically reflected. Modernity is a comprehensive concept with rich connotation. It can be understood from various aspects such as economy, politics, religion, art and philosophy. In general, “modernization” is the process of transforming from a traditional agricultural society to a modern industrial society. The concept of “modernity” is used to mark the fundamental characteristics of modern society and its essential differences from traditional society. This article is not dedicated to the study of modernity and modernity, but only from the studies that the academic community has made, describing the concept as necessary, and explaining the possible ways of providing original cultural studies to solve the problem of modernity.