思维定势是指人们习惯于用某种固定的方式去考虑问题的思维倾向。思维定势对解决问题有积极作用,也有消极作用。不良的思维定势容易把学生引入歧途,产生错误。下面,笔者对化学中常见不良思维定势的成因及其应对策略做个简单地探讨,希望能抛砖引玉。一、因题目似曾相识而产生思维定势学生在考试中总会遇到一些似曾相识或很熟悉的题型,忽略了两者之间的差异性,其结果必然是差之毫厘,缪之千里。图1例1最近科学家发现 Mindset is the tendency of people to get used to thinking about problems in a fixed way. Mental thinking has a positive and negative effect on solving problems. Bad thinking tends to lead students to mislead and make mistakes. In the following, the author briefly discusses the causes of common misconceptions in chemistry and their coping strategies, and hopes to initiate a discussion. One, because of the problem of familiarity and definite thinking, the students will always encounter some familiar or familiar questions in the exam, ignoring the difference between the two, and the result must be the difference between the two. Figure 1 Case 1 Recent Scientists Discovered