自美国金融危机爆发以来,国际石油价格持续下跌,大大缓解了以石油为原料的化工产品的成本压力。但是,由于石油资源重要的战略意义和不可再生性,很多权威机构和专家都预言世界不会再回到以前的低油价时代。我国石油资源匮乏,发展石油化工不仅原料来源缺乏保障,而且产品竞争力不强。因此,发展石油化工的替代产品,对于缓解我国石油供需矛盾、保障经济平稳增长、满足下游行业需求具有重要意义。本文阐述了我国发展煤化工产业在资源、技术、人才等方面的优势,论证了在原油对外依存度不断上升的形势下,发展煤化工产业的必要性。如果缺乏正确而及时的引导,国内煤化工产业将逐步走向过剩。鉴于国内很多煤化工企业不掌握煤炭资源,很难将煤炭价格的上涨转移给下游,建议煤炭企业要实施“走出去”的战略,积极与掌握煤炭资源的企业进行合作,从而保障自身的长远发展。 Since the outbreak of the U.S. financial crisis, international oil prices have continued to plummet, greatly alleviating the cost pressures of petroleum-based chemical products. However, due to the strategic importance and non-renewable nature of oil resources, many authorities and experts predict that the world will not return to the previous era of low oil prices. China’s lack of oil resources, the development of petrochemical industry is not only a lack of sources of raw materials protection, and product competitiveness is not strong. Therefore, the development of alternative petrochemical products is of great significance to alleviating the contradiction between supply and demand of petroleum in our country, ensuring steady economic growth and meeting the needs of downstream industries. This article expounds the advantages of developing coal chemical industry in terms of resources, technology and human resources in China, and demonstrates the necessity of developing coal chemical industry under the situation of rising foreign dependence on crude oil. Without proper and timely guidance, the domestic coal chemical industry will gradually move toward surplus. In view of the fact that many domestic coal chemical companies do not have access to coal resources, it is very difficult to transfer the rise of coal prices to the lower reaches. It is suggested that coal enterprises should implement the strategy of “going global” and actively cooperate with enterprises that hold coal resources so as to protect their own longterm development.