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目的:了解宁波市某高职医学院校大一学生健康素养状况,为制定相关政策提供依据。方法:以分层随机抽样方法,选择380名大一学生进行问卷调查,问卷采用《2012中国公民健康素养调查问卷》。以SPSS 16.0软件进行健康素养水平χ2检验、单因素分析与多因素Logistic回归分析。结果:总平均得分为(67.89±11.10)分,总健康素养水平为24.7%,三个方面健康素养以基本知识和理念素养水平最高(45.0%),六类健康问题素养水平以安全与急救为最高(42.6%),多因素logistic回归分析表明,健康管理类专业、农村的学生健康素养水平较高,优势比(OR)及其95%可信区间(CI)分别为2.72(1.58-4.69)、1.93(1.15-3.25)(P=0.000、0.013)。结论:宁波某高职医学院校大一学生的健康素养水平总体上不容乐观,应积极营造健康支持性政策环境,开设基于大数据背景下的健康素养教育课程,开展分层、分类的个性化健康教育,强化健康行为促进行动,不断提升健康素养水平。
Objective: To understand the health literacy status of freshmen in a vocational medical college in Ningbo and to provide the basis for the formulation of relevant policies. Methods: By stratified random sampling method, 380 freshmen were selected to conduct the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire “2012 China citizen health literacy questionnaire” was used in the questionnaire. SPSS 16.0 software was used to test the level of health literacy χ2 test, univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The total average score was (67.89 ± 11.10) points, the total health literacy level was 24.7%. The three aspects of health literacy were the highest (45.0%) with the basic knowledge and concept literacy. The six kinds of health literacy levels were safety and first aid (42.6%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that health management specialty and rural students had higher level of health literacy, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were 2.72 (1.58-4.69) , 1.93 (1.15-3.25) (P = 0.000, 0.013). Conclusion: The level of health literacy of freshmen in a higher vocational medical college in Ningbo is generally not optimistic. Health supportive policy environment should be actively established, health literacy education curriculum based on big data should be opened, and the individualization of stratification and classification should be carried out Health education, strengthen health behavior promotion actions, and constantly improve the level of health literacy.