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病因 1、各种心脏病:如冠心病急性心肌梗塞、心肌炎、心肌病及严重心脏瓣膜病。 2、药物中毒:如洋地黄、乌头碱、奎尼丁、氯奎、锑剂等中毒可致频发多源室性早搏、室性心动过速及室颤。心得安、利多卡因、苯妥英纳、异搏停等,当注射速度过快时可致心脏停搏。 3、电解质紊乱:最常见的为钾代谢紊乱,严重高钾(6.5mEq/L以上),可抑制心肌传导性、自律性及收缩性、引起传导阻滞、心率减慢、心室自律及缓慢室颤。低血钾时心肌自律性及传导性增强,可致多源室性早搏、短阵室性心动过速、室扑或室颤。严重低钠可加重高钾对心脏的影响,高钠可加重低钾对心脏的影响。高钙可致传导阻滞及室
Cause 1, a variety of heart disease: such as coronary heart disease acute myocardial infarction, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy and severe valvular heart disease. 2, drug poisoning: such as digitalis, aconitine, quinidine, chloroquine, antimony agent poisoning can cause frequent multi-source ventricular premature beats, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. Propranolol, lidocaine, phenytoin, verapamil, etc., when the injection rate can cause cardiac arrest too fast. 3, electrolyte imbalance: the most common disorders of potassium metabolism, severe high potassium (6.5mEq / L above), can inhibit myocardial conductivity, self-regulation and contractility, causing block, slow heart rate, ventricular self-regulation and slow room trembling. Hypokalemia, myocardial self-discipline and enhanced conductivity can cause multiple source of premature ventricular contractions, paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter or ventricular fibrillation. Severe hyponatremia can increase the impact of high potassium on the heart, high sodium can aggravate the impact of hypokalemia on the heart. High calcium can cause conduction block and room