本文着重介绍了西方国家─—西欧、美国、澳大利亚等在矿山企业与环境保护协调方面所遵循的自然保护法的规定、公民参与环保评价、矿山设计与生产的环保批准程序、污染物的限定标准、所采用的环保和复垦措施、以及各国之间的不同作法和经验，最后总结了在开采有用矿物的方面所应遵循的一些环保原则。 This paper focuses on the provisions of the Nature Protection Law followed by western countries, such as Western Europe, the United States and Australia, on the coordination between mining enterprises and environmental protection, the environmental protection approval procedures for citizens’ participation in environmental assessment, mine design and production, and the criteria for pollutants , The environmental protection and reclamation measures adopted and the different practices and experiences among different countries. Finally, some environmental principles to be followed in the exploitation of useful minerals are summarized.