男女道德是否存在差异和优劣之分,是传统伦理学和女性主义的一个重要话题。在传统父权制社会中,女性一直被认为是道德上低劣的一方。但自从《女权辩护》以来,西方出现了许多反对男性道德优越性的声音,它们从社会、伦理、心理等各个方面,重新审视了女性道德的本质,论证男女道德不存在先天的优劣之分。女性主义思想家波伏娃、卡罗尔·吉利根等人对男性道德至上的观点进行有力的驳斥,并具体地指明了女性道德培育的方向和途径,不仅有利于女性培育德行、发展自我,也对伦理学的修正和建构起到了积极的作用。 Whether male and female moral differences and advantages and disadvantages exist is an important topic of traditional ethics and feminism. In traditional patriarchal society, women have always been considered morally inferior. However, since the “defense of women’s rights”, there have been many voices against the superiority of male morality in the West. They have reexamined the essence of female morality from various aspects such as society, ethics and psychology. They have argued that the morality of men and women does not have inherent advantages and disadvantages . The feminist thinkers Beauvoir, Carol Gilligan and others strongly refute the viewpoints of male morality, and specifically pointed out the direction and ways of female moral cultivation, which is not only conducive to women’s moral education and self-development, but also It has played a positive role in the revision and construction of ethics.