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针对铀矿中酸法含铀废水处理的难点,利用木屑制备季铵盐型螯合吸附剂(MS)强化其除铀效果。研究环氧氯丙烷(ECH)添加量、二乙烯三胺(DETA)添加量、醚化反应时间、接枝反应时间对木屑的改性效果及其对废水中U(Ⅵ)吸附效果的影响,获取制备MS的最佳工艺条件。对MS进行表征分析并探讨吸附剂的改性机理。单因素实验结果表明:随着ECH、DETA添加量的增加及醚化时间的延长,MS对U(Ⅵ)的吸附性能先增大后减小;而随着接枝时间的增加,MS对U(Ⅵ)的吸附效果先增大而后基本保持不变。正交优化实验结果表明:对U(Ⅵ)吸附性能的影响醚化反应时间最大,接枝反应时间次之,ECH、DETA添加量最小。最优制备条件为ECH添加量10 m L,DETA添加量6 m L,醚化反应时间1 h,接枝反应时间4 h,此时MS对U(Ⅵ)的吸附率为99.72%,吸附量达99.72 mg/g。
In view of the difficulty of uranium mine acid treatment uranium-containing wastewater treatment, quaternary ammonium chelate adsorbent (MS) was prepared with sawdust to enhance its uranium removal effect. The effects of the amount of epichlorohydrin (ECH), the amount of diethylenetriamine (DETA) added, the etherification reaction time, the modification effect of the grafting reaction time on the sawdust, and the adsorption effect on U (Ⅵ) Get the best preparation conditions of MS. The characterization of MS was carried out and the modification mechanism of adsorbent was discussed. The results of single factor experiments showed that with the increase of the amount of ECH and DETA and the prolongation of etherification time, the adsorption capacity of MS to U (Ⅵ) first increased and then decreased. With the increase of grafting time, (Ⅵ) adsorption effect increases first and then remains basically unchanged. The results of orthogonal experiment showed that the influence of U (Ⅵ) on the adsorption property was the largest in the etherification reaction time, followed by the grafting reaction time and the smallest addition of ECH and DETA. The optimal preparation conditions were as follows: the amount of ECH was 10 mL, the amount of DETA was 6 mL, the etherification reaction time was 1 h, and the grafting reaction time was 4 h. The adsorption rate of MS to U (Ⅵ) was 99.72% Up to 99.72 mg / g.