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我国自1953年鞍钢生产重型钢轨后,十年来的使用结果证明,国产钢轨的质量与某些进口钢轨相比还是较好的,但是也还有如下的一些主要问题尚待研究解决。一、钢轨的耐磨性及抗压强度目前国产钢轨的耐磨性及抗压强度都还不能满足运营要求。在一些小半径曲线上,仅使用两三年曲线外轨的侧面磨耗即达图1所示的程度。例如:铺设在京广线蒲圻至中伙铺间半径为440米的曲线上的钢轨,从1957年至1961年曾因钢轨磨耗超过容许限度而换轨两次。铺设在武胜关至孝子店间半径为400米的曲线上的钢轨,自1956年5月至1959年8月亦因磨耗超限而更换。此种情况表明,国产钢轨在一些小半径的曲线上能使用两三年。
Since the production of heavy-duty steel rails in China in 1953, the use of heavy-duty steel rails in China in the past decade has proved that the quality of domestic steel rails is still better than that of some imported railways. However, there are still some major problems to be solved as follows. First, the rail wear resistance and compressive strength At present, the wear resistance and compressive strength of domestic rail can not meet the operational requirements. On some small-radius curves, the side wear of the outer two-three-year curve is only as shown in Figure 1. For example, the rails laid on a curve with a radius of 440 meters between Puhuang and Zhonghuo Shops on the Beijing-Guangzhou Line had been changed twice between 1957 and 1961 because rail wear exceeded the allowable limit. The steel tracks laid on the curve with a radius of 400 meters between Wushengguan and Xiaozi shops were changed from May 1956 to August 1959 because of excessive wear. This situation shows that the domestic rail in some small radius curve can be used two or three years.