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目的了解广西伤寒与甲型副伤寒流行特征的异同点,为有效防控伤寒与甲型副伤寒提供科学依据。方法利用2004-2010年广西传染病报告数据,分析伤寒与甲型副伤寒的时间、地区及人群分布特征。结果广西伤寒与甲型副伤寒的年报告发病率基本呈平行下降趋势,发病高峰分别在每年7月和8月,后者晚1个月,两者发病曲线相似;二者呈现明显地区流行特征,且地区分布具有高度相关性(r=0.938,P<0.001);两病病例男性均多于女性,但发病率很接近;伤寒在各年龄段人群的发病率较为均衡,甲型副伤寒则以5~30岁年龄段人群发病率较高;两病病例均以农民、学生、散居儿童和工人为主,伤寒以农民发病最多,而甲型副伤寒以学生最多。结论广西伤寒与甲型副伤寒应以农村和学校作为防控重点,且均应加强病人的规范治疗与管理。
Objective To understand the similarities and differences between epidemic characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid A in Guangxi and provide a scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of typhoid fever and Paratyphoid A. Methods The data of infectious diseases in Guangxi in 2004-2010 were used to analyze the distribution characteristics of typhoid and paratyphoid fever in time, area and population. Results The incidence of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever in Guangxi Province showed a trend of decreasing in parallel. The peak incidence was in July and August of each year, and the latter one month later. The incidence curves of both were similar. Both showed obvious epidemic characteristics (R = 0.938, P <0.001). The prevalence rate of typhoid fever in all age groups was more balanced than that in females, but the incidence of typhoid fever was very close The prevalence was higher in the age group of 5 to 30 years old. The two cases were mainly peasants, students, scattered children and workers. The incidence of typhoid fever was the highest in peasants, while the most of students were in paratyphoid fever. Conclusion Both typhoid fever and Paratyphoid fever in Guangxi should be the focus of prevention and control in rural areas and schools, and the standard treatment and management of patients should be strengthened.