目前，学术界对道德品质的构成要素的确定不合理，使得道德教育欠缺科学性。现行的观点有：“三因素说”，即认为道德品质由道德认识、道德情感、道德意志构成的；“四因素说”，认为道德品质是由道德认识、道德情感、道德意志、道德行为构成的；“五因素说”，即道德品质由道 At present, the academic community is not justified in determining the components of moral quality, making moral education less scientific. The current viewpoints are as follows: “three factors”, that is, moral quality is composed of moral cognition, moral emotion and moral will; “four factors”, that moral quality is constituted by moral cognition, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior ; “Five factors”, that is, moral quality by the road