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目的探讨膝关节交叉韧带腱鞘囊肿的MRI分型及影像学表现。方法回顾本院放射科2012年4月至2015年4月行膝关节MRI检查的患者30049例(男14386例,女15663例),MRI诊断为交叉韧带囊肿者89例,男51例,女38例,平均年龄41岁。按部位将囊肿分为前交叉韧带、后交叉韧带及韧带间囊肿三种亚型,观察各型囊肿大小、间隔、分叶情况并进行统计分析。结果 54例(60.7%)为前交叉韧带囊肿,平均直径23.05 mm,位于股骨端27例,韧带全长者16例,胫骨端11例,40例MRI表现为韧带纤维束分离征象,即高信号囊肿穿插在连续性完整的韧带纤维束间,14例合并韧带黏液变性。24例(27.0%)为后交叉韧带旁囊肿,平均直径为13.53 mm,均位于韧带后缘。交叉韧带间囊肿为11例(12.4%),平均直径为19.53 mm,MRI表现为韧带间隙内囊样信号灶,5例囊肿向周围延伸类似哑铃状。结论前交叉韧带囊肿较其他亚型类型发病率高,不同亚型的MRI特异性表现有利于定位诊断。
Objective To investigate the MRI classification and imaging findings of the cruciate ligament of the knee joint. Methods A retrospective review of our hospital from April 2012 to April 2015 knee arthroplasty 30049 cases (14386 males and 15663 females) MRI diagnosis of 89 cases of cruciate ligament cysts, 51 males and 38 females For example, the average age is 41 years old. According to the site of the cyst is divided into anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament and ligament cyst three subtypes, observe the size of cysts, spacing, lobulation and statistical analysis. Results Fifty-four cases (60.7%) had anterior cruciate ligament cyst with an average diameter of 23.05 mm. There were 27 cases with femoral head end, 16 cases with full ligament and 11 cases with tibial end. The MRI findings of 40 cases showed signs of ligament fibers separation, Cysts interspersed in the integrity of the ligament between the fiber bundle, 14 cases of combined degeneration of ligament mucus. Twenty-four patients (27.0%) had cysts around the posterior cruciate ligament with an average diameter of 13.53 mm, all located at the posterior margin of the ligament. There were 11 cysts (12.4%) in the cruciate ligament with an average diameter of 19.53 mm. MRI showed cystic lesions in the ligament space and 5 cysts were similar to dumbbell shape in the periphery. Conclusion The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament cyst is higher than that of other subtypes. The MRI specificity of different subtypes is helpful for the localization diagnosis.