对闭角型青光眼、脉络膜皱襞、视盘水肿、界线清楚的眼底肿块、脉络膜脱离和渗出性视网膜脱离等许多疾病进行鉴别诊断时,都必须考虑到后巩膜炎。因为此病罕见,故必须高度怀疑。有前巩膜炎、眼痛或胶原血管病病史者,有助于临床医生作出正确诊断。女性患后巩膜炎者较男性常见,但环形睫状脉络膜渗出和脉络膜皱襞则多见于男性。渗出性黄斑脱离和界线清楚的眼底肿块,均常见于女性。本文着重论述了后巩膜炎的临床特征,并介绍了一些有助于确诊的辅助性诊断试验。 Posterior scleralitis must be taken into account in the differential diagnosis of many diseases such as angle-closure glaucoma, choroidal folds, optic disc edema, clear-cut fundus oculi, choroidal detachment and exudative retinal detachment. Because of this rare disease, it must be highly doubtful. Have a history of scleritis, eye pain or collagen vascular disease, will help clinicians make the correct diagnosis. Scleral inflammation in women than men are common, but the annular ciliary choroidal exudate and choroidal folds are more common in men. Exudative macular detachment and clear line of fundus mass, are common in women. This article focuses on the clinical features of posterior scleritis, and introduces some helpful diagnostic tests that assist.