一、问题的提出问题解决最早由美国著名教育家杜威提出。在心理学上,它是指“由一定情境引起的,按照一定的目标,应用各种认知活动、技能,经过一系列思维操作,使问题得以解决的过程”。心理学家对“问题解决”的表述有很多,但基本涵义往往相当一致。安德森对问题解决在认知心理学中的表述是很有代表性的,他指出:问题解决是指具有目的性和认知性的运算系列。问题解决能力是个体运用认知过程来面对和解决 First, the problem raised The first problem solved by the famous American educator Dewey. In psychology, it refers to the “process of causing problems in a certain situation and according to a certain goal, applying various cognitive activities and skills and solving problems through a series of thinking operations.” Psychologists have many explanations for “problem solving ”, but the basic meaning is often quite consistent. Anderson’s representation of problem solving in cognitive psychology is very representative. He pointed out that problem solving refers to the purposeful and cognitive computing series. Problem solving is the individual to use cognitive processes to face and solve