哺乳动物囊胚在植入前,需从透明带中孵化出来才具有侵入子宫内膜的能力。囊胚孵化失败将引起女性不孕。囊胚孵化是一个受多因素精确调控的复杂过程,目前已发现的参与囊胚孵化的调控分子和信号通路,包括蛋白酶、环氧合酶-2、p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、激活素A和Wnt信号通路等。该文综述了有关因素对囊胚孵化的调控机制以及目前常用的囊胚辅助孵化的方法,为进一步阐明囊胚的孵化机制,为临床上对由于囊胚孵化失败引起女性不孕的治疗提供理论基础。 Mammalian blastocysts need to be hatched from the zona pellucida before they are implanted to have the ability to invade the endometrium. Failure of blastocyst hatching will lead to female infertility. Blastocyst hatching is a complicated process regulated by many factors. So far it has been found that the regulatory molecules and signaling pathways involved in blastocyst hatching include protease, cyclooxygenase-2, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, activin A And Wnt signaling pathway. In this paper, the regulatory mechanisms of blastocyst hatching and the current methods of blastocyst-assisted hatching are reviewed. In order to further elucidate the mechanism of blastocyst hatching and to provide theory for the clinical treatment of female infertility caused by failure of hatching of blastocysts basis.