In order to describe the impacts of adjustment ability of logistics system on the profit and cost of logistics system, we constructed a model of logistics system based on stochastic Petri net (SPN), and proposed a theorem for the adjustment ability of logistics system under supply chain circumstances on condition that the payoff of supply chain is a steadily increasing process. Then we put forward that a sequence of MGF (moment generating function) of out-of-goods risk process for logistics system is a martingale. The model we proposed can overcome shortcomings of the previous ones that can not describe the characteristics of the adjustment ability of logistics system. The results of simulation experiments are consistent with theoretical analysis.