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目的探讨α苦瓜素对大鼠的毒性作用及毒性靶器官。方法将SD大鼠随机分为生理盐水对照组、α苦瓜素各剂量组(6.25,2.08和0.70 mg/kg),隔日经尾静脉注射给药1次,连续28 d,停药后恢复14 d,观测动物的一般状况,并分别在给药期末和恢复期末进行血液常规、血液生化、组织病理学和骨髓象检查。结果连续给予大鼠α苦瓜素28 d后,随α苦瓜素剂量的增加,WBC、RBC、ALB逐渐减低,AST、GLB逐渐增多;骨髓象中LYM破坏增加,NEU核右移;肝脏呈现水肿变性和点状坏死。经过14 d的恢复期,各血液学指标的异常变化有所改善。结论长期给予α-MMC对大鼠WBC和RBC的增殖具有抑制作用,对肝细胞具有毒性损伤,这些毒性作用随剂量增加而加重。
Objective To investigate the toxic effects of α-matrine on rats and its toxic target organ. Methods Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal saline control group, α-maltulin dose groups (6.25, 2.08 and 0.70 mg / kg). The rats were given intravenous injection once a day for 28 days. The general condition of the animals was observed. Blood routine, blood biochemistry, histopathology and bone marrow examination were performed at the end of the dosing period and the end of the recovery period, respectively. Results After 28 days of continuous administration of α-matrine, the WBC, RBC and ALB gradually decreased and the levels of AST and GLB gradually increased with the increase of the dose of α-matrine. The damage of LYM in bone marrow and NEU nucleus shifted to the right. And punctate necrosis. After 14 days of convalescence, the abnormal changes of all hematological indexes have been improved. Conclusion Long-term administration of α-MMC inhibits the proliferation of rat WBC and RBC, and has toxic effects on hepatocytes. These toxic effects increase with increasing dose.