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应用采自南方5省区光皮桦(Betula luminiferaH.Winkl.)天然林的12个种源176个家系种子在福建永安进行了苗期测定,并在3个不同海拔高度开展造林试验,调查其1年生幼林的树高、地径,据此对优良种源、家系进行了初步选择。结果表明:光皮桦苗期高生长在种源家系间差异显著;1年生幼林各种源、家系、海拔间树高和地径差异均极显著,种源和海拔的交互作用对树高影响极显著,而对地径影响不显著;种源遗传力高于家系,树高遗传力高于地径;以树高为主要指标,初步筛选出适合当地生长的5个优良种源,并选择出适合不同海拔的优良家系各30个,其种源遗传增益达13.27%,家系遗传增益为12.84%,选择效果良好。
176 families of 12 provenances from natural forests of Betula luminifera (Winkl.) In the southern part of China were used for seedling determination in Yong’an, Fujian Province. Afforestation experiments were conducted at 3 altitudes to investigate the effects of 1-year-old young tree height, diameter, thus based on the good provenance, family made a preliminary choice. The results showed that there was significant difference in height growth between seed germplasm families and seedlings of one-year-old young plantations. The differences of tree height and diameter among all provenances, families and altitudes were significant But the effect on the ground diameter was not significant. The heritability of provenances was higher than that of the pedigree, and the hereditary power of tree height was higher than that of diameter. Five tree provenances suitable for local growth were screened out based on the tree height. Thirty elite families with different altitudes were selected, whose genetic gain was 13.27%, genetic gain was 12.84%, and the effect was good.