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γ辐射剂量率的监测是天然放射性水平调查的重要部分,其关系到公众健康和辐射环境安全。目前中国环境γ辐射剂量率的空间分布水平的评价多基于专家经验知识,该方法不能够定量化表达γ辐射剂量率与环境因子的相互作用关系。为了进一步了解中国环境γ辐射剂量率的空间分布水平及影响其分布的机理,基于地理探测器提出了定量表达γ辐射剂量率与环境因子的相互作用关系的方法。本文首先收集了2015年全国辐射环境自动监测站的空气吸收剂量率的数据,并计算了44个地级市的年均值作为被解释变量;然后探索性分析了44个地级市的γ辐射剂量率的空间分布的规律;最后结合环境要素指标,借助地理探测器方法揭示了全国辐射剂量率的空间分布影响机理。研究发现:(1)低值沿着中国黑河至南宁的沿线缓冲带分布,高值在该缓冲带两侧扩散。(2)环境要素中解释力由高到底排序为:海拔高程(0.846)>气候带(0.741)>植被覆盖(0.691)>土地利用分类(0.427)>生态系统(0.419)>地形(0.101)。海拔高程一方面通过表观地球营力与地质构造,从而影响着地壳中天然辐射水平;另一方面对通过对自然环境的分布情况的影响,决定着人类生产活动的分布,进而作用到人工电离辐射源。因此影响γ辐射剂量率的空间分布的主要环境因子是综合了自然要素与人文经济活动的海拔高程。
The monitoring of gamma radiation dose rates is an important part of a natural radioactive level survey that relates to public health and the safety of the radiation environment. At present, the assessment of the spatial distribution level of γ radiation dose rate in China is based on the expert’s knowledge. This method can not quantitatively express the interaction between γ dose rate and environmental factors. In order to further understand the spatial distribution of γ radiation dose rate in China and the mechanism that affects its distribution, a method of quantitatively expressing the interaction between γ radiation dose rate and environmental factors is proposed based on geodetic detectors. In this paper, we first collect the data of the air dose rates absorbed by the automatic radiation environment monitoring stations nationwide in 2015 and calculate the annual average of 44 prefecture-level cities as the explanatory variables. Then, the radiation dose of 44 prefecture-level cities Rate of spatial distribution of the law; Finally, combined with environmental factors indicators, with the help of geo-detector method reveals the radiation dose rate of the spatial distribution of the impact of the mechanism. The findings are as follows: (1) The low values distribute along the buffer zone along the Heihe-Nanning, China, and the high values diffuse on both sides of the buffer zone. (2) The explanatory power of environmental elements ranked from high to low: altitude (0.846)> climatic zone (0.741)> vegetation cover (0.691)> land use classification (0.427)> ecosystem (0.419)> topography (0.101). Elevation elevation, on the one hand, affects the natural radiation level in the earth’s crust through the apparently Earth’s tectonic forces and geological formations; on the other hand, it influences the distribution of human activities through the influence on the distribution of the natural environment and on the other hand influences the distribution of human activities, Radiation source. Therefore, the main environmental factor that affects the spatial distribution of γ radiation dose rate is the elevation of elevations combining natural elements and human economic activities.