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[目的]探讨汶川特大地震灾区集中安置点居民预防呼吸道传染病相关行为的影响因素及其相互作用,为灾区呼吸道传染病的预防控制提供依据。[方法]采用整群加随机抽样的方法,通过结构式问卷和现场观察调查重灾区德阳市集中安置点灾民960户,共1430人。以健康相关行为的生态学观点为理论指导,应用通径分析方法处理资料。[结果]个体水平和物质环境水平的影响因素主要发挥直接作用,而社会文化因素则直接影响和间接影响作用均比较显著。主要影响因素有:对呼吸道传染病相关知识的知晓程度(P4,Y=0.406),健康教育(P6,Y=0.314),对呼吸道传染病的态度(P5,Y=0.231),生活环境卫生情况(P9,Y=0.206),文化程度(P3,Y=0.197)。[结论]地震灾区集中安置点应加强针对呼吸道传染病的健康教育干预措施,动员社区群众参与疾病预防。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the influencing factors and their interactions of respiratory tract infectious diseases residents in concentrated resettlement sites in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken area and provide the basis for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases in disaster-hit areas. [Methods] Using cluster sampling and random sampling method, 960 victims of concentrated settlements in Deyang City in disaster-stricken areas were surveyed through structured questionnaires and on-site observation. Taking the ecological viewpoint of health-related behavior as the theoretical guidance, the path analysis method is used to process the data. [Result] The influencing factors of individual level and material environment mainly played a direct role, while the socio-cultural factors had direct and indirect influence. The main influencing factors were the level of awareness of respiratory-related knowledge (P4, Y = 0.406), health education (P6, Y = 0.314), attitude toward respiratory diseases (P5, Y = 0.231) (P9, Y = 0.206), educational level (P3, Y = 0.197). [Conclusion] The health education interventions for respiratory infectious diseases should be strengthened in the centralized resettlement sites in earthquake-stricken areas to mobilize the community to participate in disease prevention.