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目的：了解念珠菌血症的临床特点。方法回顾性分析上海华山医院2007-2012年住院念珠菌血症患者88例，描述其念珠菌菌种分布、基础疾病、临床表现、治疗和转归等，并采用χ2检验或 Fisher 精确概率法进行预后单因素分析，采用多元 Logistic 回归进行预后多因素分析。结果念珠菌中白念珠菌40株，占45．5％；热带念珠菌20株，占22．7％；近平滑念珠菌17株，占19．3％；光滑念珠菌10株，占11．4％；克柔念珠菌1株，占1．1％。常见基础疾病包括实体肿瘤、糖尿病、手术史等。出院时好转60例，占68．2％，死亡或病情恶化28例，其中归因病死率18．2％。预后多元回归分析显示，患者病死率增高独立相关的因素为留置深静脉导管（OR：6．322，95％CI ：1．055-37．891，P ＝0．044），而接受合理抗真菌治疗者病死率较低（OR：0．137，95％CI ：0．039-0．480，P ＝0．002）。结论6年间该院念珠菌血症病原菌种构成比变化不大。合理的抗真菌治疗是降低其病死率的关键。“,”Objective To understand the clinical features of candidemia.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed based on the data of 88 candidemia cases treated in Huashan Hospital during the period from 2007 to 2012.The clinical data were re-viewed in terms of species distribution,underlying diseases,clinical manifestations,treatment and outcomes.The prognostic factors were analyzed by chi-square test or Fisher exact probability test.Multivariate analysis was conducted by multiple Logis-tic regression.Results Candida albicans (40/88,45.5%)was the most common pathogen isolated from these candidemia ca-ses,followed by Candida tropicalis (20/88,22.7%),Candida parapsilosis (17/88,19.3%),Candida glabrata (10/88, 11 .4%),and Candida krusei (1/88,1 .1 %).Solid malignancy,diabetes,and surgical procedure were the most frequently identified underlying diseases.Fatal or deteriorative outcome was reported in 28 cases.The attributable mortality was 18.2%. Multivariate prognostic analysis indicated that presence of central venous catheter (OR:6.322,95% CI :1 .055-37.891 ,P =0.044)was independently correlated to increased mortality.Appropriate antifungal therapy was an independent predictor of de-creased overall mortality (OR:0.137,95% CI :0.039-0.480,P =0.002).Conclusions The pathogen distribution of candi-demia has changed slightly.Appropriate antifungal therapy plays a key role in the treatment of candidemia.