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在南非许多金矿中,由于采用压入式通风和大量坑木支护顶板,所以一直存在着火灾威胁。引起火灾的原因有爆破、电路故障、耙矿机绞绳在木材上的摩擦、电焊、自然、等等。还有许多发火原因目前尚不清楚。火灾对人身和设备造成的损失暂且不提,仅就不使火灾蔓延到会给生产带来严重损失的区域内这一点来说,迅速检测火灾也是至关重要的。七十年代初,Anglo American公司的电子设备试验室应邀对市场上销售的各种火灾检测器进行了鉴定。这些检测器全部是烟雾检测器,主要为电离室型,其中有的已经在建筑和地表设施中得到应用。所鉴定的那些检测器均不能在恶劣的坑内环境中使用几个星期而不损坏,其主要原因是坑内存在着腐蚀、粉尘和泥浆、高速气流以及接近饱和的湿度。
Of the many gold mines in South Africa, there has been a fire threat due to the use of push-in ventilation and a large number of pit-supporting roofs. The cause of the fire burst, circuit failure, rake mining machine rope on the wood friction, welding, nature, and so on. There are many reasons for the ignition is not clear. Without mentioning the loss caused to human beings and equipment by fire in the meantime, it is of crucial importance to detect the fire promptly so long as it does not cause the fire to spread into the area where serious production losses will occur. In the early seventies, Anglo American’s Electronic Equipment Laboratory was invited to identify various fire detectors on the market. All of these detectors are smoke detectors, mainly ionization chambers, some of which have been used in construction and surface facilities. None of the detectors identified were capable of operating in harsh pit environments for several weeks without damage, mainly due to corrosion, dust and mud in the pit, high velocity airflow, and near-saturated humidity.