第二次国内革命战争时期,随着苏维埃政权的建立和发展,如何处理党政关系成为一个重大的新问题。这个问题的实质,是党怎样执掌政权的问题。当时,党从特定的历史条件出发,以极大的注意力对之进行了探索。1928年7月,党的第六次全国代表大会提出了正确解决这一问题的基本原则——“预防以党代苏维埃或以苏维埃代党”(《中共中央文件选集》第4册第248页)两种倾向。即党必须坚持对政权的领导,不容许以政代党,削弱或离开党的领导,同时又必须充分发挥政权的作用,不能以党代政。据此,党比较成功地实现了对苏维埃的领导。其中的经验,不仅为抗日战争和解放战争时 During the Second Revolutionary Civil War, with the establishment and development of the Soviet political power, how to handle the relationship between the party and the government became a major new issue. The essence of this issue is the issue of how the party is in power. At that time, the party proceeded from a specific historical condition and explored it with great attention. In July 1928, the Party’s Sixth National Congress put forward the basic principle of correctly resolving this issue - “Preventing the Party to be Soviet or Take the Soviets to Party” (“Book Selection of the CPC Central Committee,” Volume 4, page 248 Two tendencies. That is, the party must insist on its leadership over the political power, should not allow political parties to be replaced by political parties to weaken or leave the party’s leadership, meanwhile, it must give full play to its role as a political power and should not rely on the party for political reform. Accordingly, the party succeeded in bringing about the leadership of the Soviets. The experience is not only for the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation