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以陇油9号为指示品种,对8个不同播期冬油菜的越冬成活率、生育特征表现、经济性状、籽粒产量等指标做了调查分析。结果表明:8月29日、9月5日、9月12日播种的冬油菜,冬前叶片数超过12片,根颈较粗,越冬成活率在88.7%～96.8%,籽粒产量平均为2 398.5 kg/hm2,其中8月29日和9月5日播种的越冬率和产量最高,越冬率分别为96.8%和96.0%,产量分别为2 469.0kg/hm2和2 545.5kg/hm2,与其他处理达显著差异;9月19日和9月26日播种的油菜,越冬成活率平均较前4个播期降低19.5%,籽粒产量降低42.3%;10月2日以后播种的油菜不能在怀柔区安全越冬。播期试验初步表明,冬油菜在北京怀柔区的适宜播期为8月22日至9月12日,最佳播期为8月29日至9月5日。
Taking Longyou 9 as the indicator, the investigation was made on the indexes of overwintering survival rate, reproductive characteristics, economic traits, grain yield and other indexes of 8 different sowing dates. The results showed that winter rapeseed was planted on August 29, September 5 and September 12 with more than 12 leaves before winter, with thicker root and overwintering survival rate of 88.7% -96.8% and average grain yield of 2 398.5 kg / hm2, of which the overwintering and yielding were the highest on August 29 and September 5, with overwintering rates of 96.8% and 96.0%, respectively, with yields of 2 469.0 kg / hm2 and 2 545.5 kg / hm2, respectively, The survival rate of rapeseed sown on September 19 and September 26 was 19.5% lower than that of the previous four sowing dates and the yield of grain was reduced by 42.3%. The rapeseed planted after October 2 could not be planted in Huairou District Safe winter. The sowing date experiment showed that the suitable sowing date of winter rapeseed in Huairou District of Beijing was from August 22 to September 12, and the best sowing date was from August 29 to September 5.