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目的:研究丹参注射液治疗膝骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis，KOA)模型兔关节软骨中肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α，TNF-α)、白细胞介素(interleukin，IL)-6、基质金属蛋白酶-3(matrix metalloproteinase-3，MMP-3)的表达情况，探讨丹参注射液治疗膝骨性关节炎的分子机制。方法:选用40只健康白兔，随机分成四组，即假手术组、KOA模型(KOA)组、KOA＋透明质酸钠(sodium hyaluronate，SH)组、KOA＋丹参组。假手术组只作切口，不切断半月板，其余组均采用切断兔右膝关节半月板的方式，建立一个兔关节失稳的实验动物模型。KOA组给予0.9%生理盐水(0.7 mL/d)，KOA＋SH组给予兔关节内注射SH(0.4 mL/d)，KOA＋丹参组给予丹参注射液(0.7 mL/d)，均连续注射5周。采用矿场实验验证兔失稳模型建立是否对兔的运动能力产生影响，并采用聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction，PCR)和Western blot法分别检测兔膝关节软骨中TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的mRNA含量和蛋白表达量。酶联免疫吸附剂测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay，ELISA)检测兔膝关节液中TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的含量。结果:在KOA模型建立之前，各实验组动物均无明显的运动能力差异，模型建立之后，KOA组兔子运动的距离明显低于假手术组[(150±5)比(580±9)，n t＝60.610，n P<0.05]，而KOA＋丹参组与KOA组相比，家兔移动的距离明显增加，差异具有统计学意义[(438±27)比(150±5)，n t＝16.730，n P<0.05]。KOA组兔关节液中TNF-α、IL-6和MMP-3含量明显高于假手术组[(22.62±2.18)mg/mL比(11.74±2.09)mg/mL，(4.01±0.14)mg/mL比(1.76±0.11)mg/mL，(0.57±0.05)mg/mL比(0.27±0.03)mg/mL，n t值分别为4.413、17.620、6.495，n P值均<0.05]；KOA＋丹参组兔关节液中TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3含量较KOA组明显降低，差异具有统计学意义[(15.01±2.37)mg/mL比(22.62±2.18)mg/mL，(2.47±0.19)mg/mL比(4.01±0.14)mg/mL，(0.40±0.02)mg/mL比(0.57±0.05)mg/mL，n t值分别为3.725、8.803、9.185，n P值均<0.05]。在兔膝关节软骨的mRNA的检测中，KOA组TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的含量较假手术组明显升高[(1.90±0.02)比(1.00±0.15)，(1.70±0.02)比(1.00±0.07)，(1.60±0.20)比(1.00±0.13)，n t值分别为11.050、24.250、14.850，n P值均<0.05]；KOA＋丹参组中TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的含量较KOA组相比明显降低，差异具有统计学意义[(1.09±0.05)比(1.90±0.02)，(1.13±0.09)比(1.70±0.02)，(1.04±0.08)比(1.60±0.20)，n t值分别为32.190、8.822、5.868，n P值均<0.05)。在兔膝软骨的蛋白检测中，KOA组TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的蛋白表达量较假手术组明显升高，差异具有统计学意义(n t值分别为65.280、12.320、22.280，n P值均<0.05)；KOA＋丹参组中TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的蛋白含量较KOA组明显降低，差异具有统计学意义(n t值分别为26.150、9.053、24.670，n P值均<0.05)。n 结论:丹参注射液可以明显改善KOA组兔的运动能力，同时也降低了TNF-α、IL-6、MMP-3的水平，因此丹参注射液治疗膝骨性关节炎可能是抑制了骨基质蛋白酶的释放，抑制关节软骨的降解，对关节软骨的退行性病变起到控制作用，最终改善膝骨性关节炎的症状。“,”Objective:To study the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin(IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) in the articular cartilage of rabbits with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) treated by Danshen injection, and to explore the molecular mechanism of Danshen injection in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Methods:Forty healthy white rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group, KOA model(KOA) group, KOA+ sodium hyaluronate (SH) group and KOA+ Danshen group.Sham operation group only made incision without cutting meniscus.The other groups all used cutting meniscus of rabbit right knee joint to establish an experimental animal model of joint instability.The KOA group was given 0.9% normal saline (0.7 mL/d), the KOA+ SH treatment group was given intra-articular injection of SH (0.4 mL/d), and the KOA+ Danshen treatment group was given Danshen injection (0.7 mL/d) for 5 weeks.The field experiment was used to verify whether the instability model of rabbits could affect the motor ability of rabbits.The mRNA content and the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and MMP-3 were detected separately by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and Western blot.The contents of TNF-α, IL-6 and MMP-3 in knee joint fluid were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit.Results:Before the establishment of KOA model, there was no significant difference in motor ability among the groups. After the establishment of the model, the movement distance of rabbits in the KOA group was significantly lower than that in the sham operation group[(150±5) vs (580±9), n t=60.610, n P<0.05]. The walking distance in the KOA+ Danshen group was significantly increased than that in the KOA group[(438±27) vs (150±5),n t=16.730, n P<0.05]. In rabbit joint fluid, the contents of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA group were significantly higher than those in sham operation group [(22.62±2.18)mg/mL vs (11.74±2.09)mg/mL, (4.01±0.14)mg/mL vs (1.76±0.11)mg/mL, (0.57±0.05)mg/mL vs(0.27±0.03)mg/mL,n t values were 4.413, 17.620 and 6.495 respectively, all n P values<0.05], while, compared with KOA group, the content of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA+ Danshen group were significantly lower [(22.62±2.18)mg/mL vs (15.01±2.37)mg/mL, (4.01±0.14)mg/mL vs (2.47±0.19)mg/mL, (0.57±0.05)mg/mL vs (0.40 ±0.02)mg/mL,n t values were 3.725, 8.803 and 9.185 respectively, all n P values<0.05]. In the mRNA detection of rabbit knee cartilage, the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA group was significantly higher than that in the sham operation group [(1.90±0.02) vs (1.00±0.15), (1.70±0.02) vs (1.00±0.07), (1.60±0.20) vs (1.00±0.13),n t values were 11.050, 24.250 and 14.850 respectively, all n P values< 0.05], and the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA+ Danshen group was significantly lower than that in KOA group [(1.09±0.05) vs (1.90±0.02), (1.13±0.09) vs (1.70±0.02), (1.04±0.08) vs (1.60±0.20),n t values were 32.190, 8.822 and 5.868 respectively, all n P values<0.05]. In the protein detection of rabbit knee cartilage, the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA group was increased significantly compared with sham operation group (n t values were 65.280, 12.320 and 22.280 respectively, all n P values<0.05), and the protein expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 in KOA+ Danshen group was decreased significantly compared with KOA group (n t values were 26.15, 9.053 and 24.670 respectively, all n P values<0.05).n Conclusion:Danshen injection could obviously improve the motor ability of rabbits in KOA group, and also reduce the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and MMP-3.Therefore, Danshen injection may inhibit the release of osteoarthritis matrix protease and the degradation of articular cartilage in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, which can control the degenerative lesion of articular cartilage, and ultimately improve the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis.