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通过多年的小区试验、高产攻关与高产示范,对小麦的穗数和产量进行了研究。结果表明:在充足氮素供应的条件下,土壤中的磷素含量,若在24mg/kg以上,施用磷肥对促蘖增穗不起作用或虽有一定效果,但产量差异不显著;若在10mg/kg以上,增施磷肥能显著促进分蘖生长、穗数增加和产量提高。小麦于越冬、返青期追肥浇水,能够巩固冬前分蘖,增加春季分蘖,提高分蘖成穗数。但越冬、返青期浇水不宜过早或过晚,以日平均气温稳定通过0℃的积温,年前达60℃左右为浇越冬水的适宜时间;年后达80℃左右为浇返青水的适时日期。年前施肥较多,年后生长势较强的麦田,返青、起身期应采取控制措施,以免群体过大,造成倒伏,根据麦苗发展趋势于拔节前后进行肥水管理,但一般不应晚于旗叶露尖。
Through many years of plot experiments, high yield research and high yield demonstration, the number of spikes and yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that under the condition of adequate supply of nitrogen, if the content of phosphorus in the soil was above 24mg / kg, the application of phosphate fertilizer had no effect on tillering and panicle growth, although there was a certain effect, but there was no significant difference in yield. Above 10mg / kg, the application of phosphate fertilizer can significantly promote tillering growth, spike number and yield increase. Wheat in the winter, green top dressing and watering, can consolidate tillering in winter, increase the tillering in spring and increase the number of tillers into ears. However, overwintering, greening watering should not be too early or too late to the daily average temperature stable through the accumulated temperature of 0 ℃, up to 60 ℃ years ago for the pouring more appropriate winter time; year after about 80 ℃ poured green water Timely date Fertilization years ago, more years after growing strong wheat fields, green, starting period should take control measures to avoid groups are too large, causing lodging, according to the development trend of wheat seedlings in the jointing before and after fertilizer and water management, but generally should not be later than the flag Leafy tip.