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目的:对比传统穿刺法与改良穿刺法在移植肾穿刺活检中的安全性及标本质量。方法:回顾性分析2017年7月—2018年12月于首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院行移植肾穿刺活检术的54例肾移植术后肾功能异常患者的病例资料，根据穿刺方法不同将其分为两组：试验组(n n＝29)和对照组(n n＝25)。试验组患者采用改良穿刺法，对照组患者采用传统穿刺法。分析并对比两组患者的平均有效穿刺标本长度、肾小球数量、小动脉数量、标本合格率及患者术后是否发生血尿及其他并发症。计量资料以均数±标准差(n Mean±n SD)表示，组间比较采用Student n t检验；计数资料组间比较采用n χ2检验。n 结果:试验组患者的平均有效穿刺标本长度为(1.15±0.06) cm，肾小球数量为(16.4±0.7)个，小动脉数量为(5.2±0.2)个，均高于对照组[(0.90±0.04) cm、(10.3±0.5)个、(2.8±0.2)个]，差异均具有统计学意义(n P0.05)。两组患者均未发生术后严重出血及其他并发症。n 结论:改良穿刺法在用于移植肾穿刺时可以获取更高质量的穿刺标本，并发症发生率与传统穿刺法类似。“,”Objective:To compare the safety and quality of specimen between traditional and modified method in renal transplant biopsy.Methods:The study retrospectively analyzed the clinical medical records of 54 patients from July 2017 to December 2018 who were diagnosed with abnormal renal function after renal transplantation and then underwent renal transplant biopsy in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University. All the patients were divided into two groups according to different puncture methods: the experimental group (n n=29) and the control group (n n=25). Patients in experimental group underwent modified biopsy and others in control group underwent traditional biopsy. The study analyzed the mean effective puncture specimen length, number of glomerulus, number of arterioles, specimen qualification rate, postoperative hematuria and other complications in both groups. Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation (n Mean±n SD), Student n t test was used for comparison between groups; Chi-square test was used for count data comparison between groups.n Results:The mean effective specimen length of the experimental group was (1.15±0.6) cm, the number of glomerulus was (16.4±3.7), and the number of arterioles was (5.2±0.2), all of which were higher than (0.90±0.04) cm, (10.3±0.5)and(2.8±0.2)in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (n P0.05). Meanwhile, no serious bleeding or other complications occurred in either group.n Conclusion:Both the traditional and modified transplanted kidney biopsy methods were safe, but the quality of the samples obtained by the modified group were better than that by the traditional group.