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目的探讨O型血孕妇血清中IgG型抗A(B)抗体效价的异常率及其临床意义。方法采用微柱凝胶法对夫妇进行ABO及Rh D血型检测,再采用经典抗人球蛋白法对夫妇ABO血型不合的O型血孕妇血清进行IgG型抗A(B)抗体效价检测。结果在4178例O型血孕妇中,IgG型抗A(B)抗体效价≥1∶64者2184例(52.3%),其中1∶64者745例(17.8%)、1∶128者639例(15.3%)、1∶256者438例(10.5%)、1∶512者340例(8.1%)、1∶1024者20例(0.5%)、1∶2048者2例(0.05%)。在2184例IgG型抗A(B)抗体效价异常的孕妇中,妇夫血型为O-A型效价≥1∶64者833例(20.0%)、为O-B型效价≥1∶64者916例(21.9%)、为O-AB型效价≥1∶64者435例(10.4%)。结论孕妇为O型,丈夫为A型、B型及AB型者均有发生新生儿溶血病的可能性,产前对O型血孕妇及时进行IgG型抗A(B)抗体效价检测,有助于预防或降低母婴血型不合所致新生儿溶血病的发生率。
Objective To investigate the abnormality rate of IgG anti-A (B) antibody titers in the serum of O type pregnant women and its clinical significance. Methods The ABO and Rh D blood group were detected by microcolumn gel method, and the anti-A (B) antibody titer of IgG was detected by classical anti-human globulin method. Results Among 4178 O-positive pregnant women, 2184 (52.3%) patients with IgG anti-A (B) antibody titers ≥1: 64 were found, of which 745 (17.8%) were 1:64, 639 (15.3%), 438 cases (10.5%) in 1:256, 340 cases (8.1%) in 1: 512, 20 cases (1:50) in 1:254, and 2 cases (0.05%) in 1:2048. Among 2184 pregnant women with abnormal titers of IgG anti-A (B) antibodies, 833 (20.0%) were women with blood type OA titer≥1: 64 and 916 patients with OB titers≥1: 64 (21.9%) were 435 cases (10.4%) with O-AB type ≥1:64. Conclusion The pregnant women are O type, the husbands are A type, B type and AB type all have the possibility of neonatal hemolytic disease. Prenatal detection of IgG anti-A (B) Help prevent or reduce the incidence of neonatal hemolytic disease caused by maternal and child blood group incompatibility.