尽管设计稳定的岩石边坡已有成熟的方法,但人们对于开挖过程中的问题通常不够注意,爆破应经过精心的设计,以取得最佳的破碎效果和稳定的边坡,从而得到最低的采剥比。爆破设计人员所面临的主要困难是缺乏有关岩体影响爆破性能的资料。试凑法爆破最终取得合适的设计,但必须在不同的地质条件下反复试验。爆破常常损坏边坡稳定而出现事故。近来的研究指出,观测钻孔效率可以得出与单位炸药消耗量相关的岩石品质指数(Rock Quality index)。不需要增添设备和人员的费用,钻孔工作就能连续不断地提供反映出岩石变化从而可以选择经济的单位炸药消耗量的数据。这一简单的相关体系的最终目的,是优化破碎效果,消除不容许的爆破破坏,保持岩体原有强度并得到最大的边坡稳定性。 Although there are established methods for designing stable rock slopes, people often do not pay enough attention to the problems in the excavation process. Blasting should be carefully designed to obtain the best crushing effect and stable slope, so as to obtain the lowest Mining stripping ratio. The main difficulty for blasting designers is the lack of information on the impact of rock mass on blasting performance. Trial assembly blasting eventually get the right design, but must be repeated under different geological conditions test. Blasting often damages the slope and causes an accident. Recent research has pointed out that observing the drilling efficiency leads to a Rock Quality index that is related to unit explosives consumption. Without the need for additional equipment and personnel, drilling efforts provide continuous data on unit explosives consumption, reflecting rocky changes that make them economically viable. The ultimate goal of this simple and relevant system is to optimize the crushing effect, eliminate impermissible blasting damage, maintain the original strength of the rock mass and obtain maximum slope stability.