患儿,男,13天,足月顺产,第3胎。生后进食尚可,出生第9天出现呕吐,呈进行性加重,每次喂奶后立即呕吐,为喷射性,呕吐量多,有时多于当次喂奶量。无呛奶现象,近两天咳嗽、喘憋。初诊为新生儿肺炎,先天性肥厚性幽门狭窄?。体检:体重2.6kg,身长47cm,头围34cm,腹围26.5cm,成熟儿外貌,发育营养差。皮肤松驰有皱纹,轻度黄染,皮下脂肪较薄,口周发青。双肺可闻散在细湿罗音。心率150次。肝脾未触及。腹不胀,奶后腹部可见胃蠕动波,右上腹部可触及0.5×1cm橄榄样肿块。入院后给予青霉素、庆大霉素治疗,喂奶前口服1:5000阿托品液,但未见效。入院第5天行上消化道X线钡餐造影:钡剂由食道通 Children, male, 13 days, term full-term, third child. After eating is acceptable, the first nine days of birth, vomiting, was progressive increase in vomiting immediately after each injection for the ejection of vomiting and more, and sometimes more than the current amount of milk. No choking phenomenon, coughing in the past two days, wheezing. Newly diagnosed as neonatal pneumonia, congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis ?. Physical examination: weight 2.6kg, length 47cm, head circumference 34cm, abdominal circumference 26.5cm, mature child appearance, poor nutrition. Loose skin wrinkles, mild yellow dye, subcutaneous fat thin, blue-eyed. Two lungs can be scattered scattered in the wet rales. Heart rate 150 times. Liver and spleen not touched. Abdominal distension, gastric motility after the milk visible waves, right upper abdomen can reach 0.5 × 1cm olive-like mass. After admission to give penicillin, gentamicin treatment, oral administration of 1: 5000 atropine solution before feeding, but not effective. On the 5th day of admission, upper gastrointestinal X-ray barium meal was performed: barium was passed through the esophagus