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为了研究不同覆盖方式对温室红椒的生物学及土壤环境效应。采用田间试验,分析了地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和地膜加秸秆覆盖对温室红椒土壤温度、生长发育、营养品质、产量、土壤理化性质、土壤微生物、酶活性和水分利用效率的影响。结果显示,地膜加秸秆覆盖、地膜覆盖和秸秆覆盖均可提高温室红椒土壤温度、株高和茎粗,提高土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全磷、速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量;3种覆盖处理均可提高土壤细菌数量、放线菌数量、微生物总量和B/F值及土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性,降低真菌数量,并提高红椒维生素C、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量,降低硝酸盐含量。地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖和地膜加秸秆覆盖处理的水分利用效率和产量显著增加,水分利用效率分别为不覆盖处理(对照)的1.77倍、1.63倍和1.81倍,产量分别增加11.12%、8.98%和15.99%。表明地膜覆盖、秸秆覆盖,特别是地膜加秸秆覆盖处理有利于改善温室红椒土壤微生物群落结构和理化性质,提高土壤温度和水分利用效率,增加土壤微生物数量和土壤酶活性,促进红椒生长,改善品质和提高产量。
In order to study the biological and soil environmental effects of different coverage ways on greenhouse red pepper. Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of plastic film mulching, straw mulching and plastic film mulching with straw mulching on soil temperature, growth, nutritional quality, yield, soil physico-chemical properties, soil microorganisms, enzyme activities and water use efficiency of greenhouse red pepper. The results showed that plastic film plus straw mulching, plastic film mulching and straw mulch could increase soil temperature, plant height and stem diameter of greenhouse red pepper, and increase soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, total potassium and available potassium Content of soil bacteria, actinomyces, total amount of microorganisms and B / F value and soil urease, phosphatase, invertase and catalase activity, reduce the number of fungi and increase the content of red pepper Vitamin C, soluble sugar and soluble protein content, reducing nitrate content. The water use efficiency and yield of mulching, straw mulching and plastic film mulching with straw mulching increased significantly, and the water use efficiencies were 1.77 times, 1.63 times and 1.81 times than those without mulch (control) respectively, and the yields increased by 11.12% and 8.98% and 15.99%. The results showed that plastic film mulching and straw mulching, especially plastic mulching and straw mulching, could improve the structure and physicochemical properties of soil microbial communities, increase soil temperature and water use efficiency, increase soil microbial population and soil enzyme activities, Improve quality and increase production.