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红外期是疟原虫侵入宿主的第一个时期,有效的红外期疟疾疫苗对控制疟疾的发病和流行具有重要的作用。目前研究中的红外期疟疾疫苗主要有亚单位疫苗和全虫疫苗两种,其中后者包括了放射减毒子孢子疫苗和基因减毒子孢子疫苗。全虫疫苗虽然能够诱导完全性的免疫保护作用,但是其生产及运输方式却限制了它的现场应用。目前的亚单位疫苗不能达到让人满意的保护效应,有效亚单位疫苗的研制还需要对相关的机制做进一步深入的研究。本文仅就目前这些疫苗的研究进展作一综述。
Infrared is the first period in which Plasmodium invades the host, and an effective infrared malaria vaccine plays an important role in controlling the incidence and prevalence of malaria. Currently, there are two kinds of sub-unitary vaccines and all-insect vaccines in the present study. Among them, the latter include radiation attenuated sporozoite vaccine and gene-attenuated sporozoite vaccine. Although the all-insect vaccine can induce a complete immune protection, its production and transportation methods have limited its field application. The current subunit vaccines can not achieve satisfactory protection effect, the development of effective subunit vaccines also need to make further in-depth study of the relevant mechanisms. This article reviews only the current advances in these vaccines.