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镇江市教育局教研室 完形填空题是通过让学生填补所缺信息考查综合运用语言知识的能力的题型。这类题型是在一篇文章中抽掉若干个词或短语，并给出四个选项，其中三个是干扰项，一个是正确的选项，要求学生根据上下文的语境推断出被抽掉的词或短语，使文章意义通顺，逻辑合理，语法正确。这种题型是常见的测试题型，也是目前全国各地中考必考题型。
完形填空题主要考查学生在理解文意的基础上，在备选项中选择恰当的词，使文章的上下文意义通顺且保持严密的逻辑性。作为一直沿用的题型，虽然在形式和题数上变化不大，但是在命题思路上有了很大的突破。近年来，各地在中考英语的试卷结构，考试内容，考试要求及难易程度等方面一直在做适当的调整。
一、 题型特点
综观2012年江苏各地中考英语试卷中完形填空的部分，不难看出，中考完形填空题有以下几个特点：
1. 选材的特点
⑴ 以篇章结构的文章为载体，考查学生在篇章中运用语言知识的能力。所选用的文章通常是一个比较完整的故事或有一定教育意义的话题，有主题思想、逻辑关系和语言特色。
⑵ 所选的语篇通常没有标题，但语篇的首尾句一般不设空，都给出完整的句子，因为首末句通常是文章的主题，利于让学生把握文章主旨。
⑶ 语篇的难度适中，语篇的长度一般在250词左右。
2. 设题的特点
⑴ 以意义填空为主，主要考查学生在理解文意的基础上，根据上下文的语义关系选择合适的选项。
⑵ 题量在10—15小题之间，各小题所提供的四个选项一般词形词性保持一致。
⑶ 考点多以名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等信息词汇为重点，兼顾介词、连词、冠词等结构词的考查。所设空白处，名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这五类词约占80%。
⑷ 各题难易有别。有的设空的答案由一个句子的理解即可得出答案，有的设空的答案由相邻的几个句子决定，还有的设空的答案涉及篇章理解，由文章字里行间的意思才能得到。
二、选项统计
试卷 名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词 介词 连词 数词
南京卷 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 0
苏州卷 2 5 1 0 0 0 2 0
扬州卷 4 7 1 0 1 1 1 0
南通卷 3 5 4 0 0 0 3 0
连云港卷 2 4 2 1 2 0 4 0
宿迁卷 4 4 4 1 0 1 1 0
盐城卷 4 5 2 1 1 1 1 0
常州卷 2 3 3 0 0 0 2 0
淮安卷 2 4 4 0 3 0 2 0
泰州卷 4 4 2 1 1 2 0 1
镇江卷 2 3 1 1 0 2 1 0
无锡卷 2 5 1 2 0 0 0 0
徐州卷 2 6 1 2 3 1 0 0
三、试题解析
（2012·盐城）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（保留原题号）
When I was eleven years old， God gave me a gift of happiness. One day， on my way home from school， a truck ran over me and cut off my 16 . As I lay there bleeding， I realized that I might have to live the rest of my life 17 legs. How depressing（令人沮丧的）！ 18 then I realized that depression won’t get my legs back. So I decided not to 19 my life feeling depressed. When my parents arrived at the 20 ， they were shocked and sad. I told them， “I’ve already 21 the fact. Now you also have to get used to this.”
Ever since then， I often see my friends getting 22 about little things： their bus comes late； they get a bad grade on a test. But I just 23 life.
I was lucky to realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have 24 ， and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. Sounds simple， doesn’t it？ So 25 are many people unhappy？
People often think happiness is based on what you 26 . “My whole life would improve if I had a new car.” But when you get the 27 and what happens？ For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being 28 .
Happiness is not a happening； it’s a state of 29 . You can have whatever there is in the world and still be uncomfortable. Or you can have relatively 30 and feel full of joy. Happiness comes from mastering the art of appreciating and consciously taking pleasure in what you already have.
完形填空题主要考查学生在理解文意的基础上，在备选项中选择恰当的词，使文章的上下文意义通顺且保持严密的逻辑性。作为一直沿用的题型，虽然在形式和题数上变化不大，但是在命题思路上有了很大的突破。近年来，各地在中考英语的试卷结构，考试内容，考试要求及难易程度等方面一直在做适当的调整。
一、 题型特点
综观2012年江苏各地中考英语试卷中完形填空的部分，不难看出，中考完形填空题有以下几个特点：
1. 选材的特点
⑴ 以篇章结构的文章为载体，考查学生在篇章中运用语言知识的能力。所选用的文章通常是一个比较完整的故事或有一定教育意义的话题，有主题思想、逻辑关系和语言特色。
⑵ 所选的语篇通常没有标题，但语篇的首尾句一般不设空，都给出完整的句子，因为首末句通常是文章的主题，利于让学生把握文章主旨。
⑶ 语篇的难度适中，语篇的长度一般在250词左右。
2. 设题的特点
⑴ 以意义填空为主，主要考查学生在理解文意的基础上，根据上下文的语义关系选择合适的选项。
⑵ 题量在10—15小题之间，各小题所提供的四个选项一般词形词性保持一致。
⑶ 考点多以名词、动词、形容词、副词、代词等信息词汇为重点，兼顾介词、连词、冠词等结构词的考查。所设空白处，名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词这五类词约占80%。
⑷ 各题难易有别。有的设空的答案由一个句子的理解即可得出答案，有的设空的答案由相邻的几个句子决定，还有的设空的答案涉及篇章理解，由文章字里行间的意思才能得到。
二、选项统计
试卷 名词 动词 形容词 副词 代词 介词 连词 数词
南京卷 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 0
苏州卷 2 5 1 0 0 0 2 0
扬州卷 4 7 1 0 1 1 1 0
南通卷 3 5 4 0 0 0 3 0
连云港卷 2 4 2 1 2 0 4 0
宿迁卷 4 4 4 1 0 1 1 0
盐城卷 4 5 2 1 1 1 1 0
常州卷 2 3 3 0 0 0 2 0
淮安卷 2 4 4 0 3 0 2 0
泰州卷 4 4 2 1 1 2 0 1
镇江卷 2 3 1 1 0 2 1 0
无锡卷 2 5 1 2 0 0 0 0
徐州卷 2 6 1 2 3 1 0 0
三、试题解析
（2012·盐城）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。（保留原题号）
When I was eleven years old， God gave me a gift of happiness. One day， on my way home from school， a truck ran over me and cut off my 16 . As I lay there bleeding， I realized that I might have to live the rest of my life 17 legs. How depressing（令人沮丧的）！ 18 then I realized that depression won’t get my legs back. So I decided not to 19 my life feeling depressed. When my parents arrived at the 20 ， they were shocked and sad. I told them， “I’ve already 21 the fact. Now you also have to get used to this.”
Ever since then， I often see my friends getting 22 about little things： their bus comes late； they get a bad grade on a test. But I just 23 life.
I was lucky to realize that it is a waste of energy to focus on what you have 24 ， and that the key to happiness is to take pleasure in what you have. Sounds simple， doesn’t it？ So 25 are many people unhappy？
People often think happiness is based on what you 26 . “My whole life would improve if I had a new car.” But when you get the 27 and what happens？ For a whole week you are walking on air. Then you go right back to being 28 .
Happiness is not a happening； it’s a state of 29 . You can have whatever there is in the world and still be uncomfortable. Or you can have relatively 30 and feel full of joy. Happiness comes from mastering the art of appreciating and consciously taking pleasure in what you already have.