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目的通过对2007—2016年10年间免疫规划接种率的调查,了解北京市密云区1~<3岁常住儿童免疫规划疫苗接种情况及变化趋势,对影响提高接种率的因素和在实施免疫规划接种工作过程中存在的问题提出建议。方法采用按容量比例概率抽样法,于2007—2016年在全区随机抽取至少30个村(居委会),每个村居随机抽查1~<3岁常住儿童7名,调查其免疫规划疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫的接种情况。结果北京市密云区2007—2016年适龄儿童建卡率、建证率均为100%,卡证符合率>97%,卡疤率>99%;“五苗”基础免疫及全程,其他疫苗基础及加强免疫合格接种率均保持在较高水平;仅卡介苗、百白破联合疫苗全程年度间及时接种率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论北京市密云区常住儿童中已建立较为牢固的免疫规划疫苗相关疾病的免疫屏障,常住流动儿童和本市儿童的接种率差别在逐渐减小,要继续加强流动儿童的免疫预防服务工作,继续加大对免疫预防人员的宣传、培训和督导,加大免疫预防知识的宣传力度,确保免疫规划工作更加顺利实施,使传染病得到有效控制。
Objective To investigate the vaccination status and trends of immunization programs for 1 ~ 3-year-old children living in Miyun District, Beijing from January to October 2007 with the survey of vaccination coverage of immunization programs in the 10-year period from 2007 to 2016. The factors influencing the vaccination rate and the immunization schedule Work in the process of problems to make recommendations. Methods According to the method of probabilistic proportionality sampling, at least 30 villages (neighborhood committees) were randomly selected in the region from 2007 to 2016. Seven randomly selected children aged from 1 to 3 years were surveyed in each village to investigate the immunization schedule of vaccine-based immunization And strengthen vaccination. Results Miyun district of Beijing from 2007 to 2016, the rate of establishing cards was 100%, card matching rate of> 97%, card rate of> 99%; “five seedlings ” basic immune and other, Vaccination and immunization coverage rate were maintained at a high level; only BCG vaccine, diphtheria combined vaccine timely vaccination rate throughout the year was significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusions The immunization barrier has been established among the resident children in Miyun district of Beijing, and the vaccination rates of floating children and children in this Municipality have been gradually reduced. We should continue to strengthen the immunoprophylaxis services for migrant children and continue We will step up publicity, training and supervision of immunization prevention personnel, intensify publicity on immunization prevention knowledge, ensure more smooth implementation of immunization planning and effective control of infectious diseases.