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目的:研究续断总皂苷对阿尔茨海默病小鼠学习记忆的改善作用及机理。方法:采用三氯化铝致小鼠阿尔茨海默病模型,给小鼠造模同时即给予药物治疗,水迷宫检测3组小鼠学习记忆能力,观察各组动物体重、脑重量,HE染色观察海马组织病理改变,免疫组化方法观察老年斑沉积。结果:模型组与正常组比较,小鼠学习、记忆能力明显降低,体重无明显减少,脑重量明显减轻,海马组织神经细胞数量明显减少,颗粒细胞空泡变性,胶质细胞增生,免疫组化结果显示较多老年斑沉积;续断总皂苷组与模型组比较,小鼠学习、记忆能力明显提高,脑重量明显增加,神经细胞增多,颗粒细胞变性减少,无明显胶质细胞增生,老年斑沉积减少。结论:续断总皂苷可提高小鼠的学习记忆能力,其机制可能与减少神经细胞死亡变性和减少老年斑沉积有关。
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of saponins of total saponins on learning and memory in mice with Alzheimer’s disease. METHODS: Mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease was induced by aluminum trichloride. Mice were given modelling and drug therapy was given at the same time. Water maze was used to test the learning and memory ability of three groups of mice. Body weight and brain weight of each group were observed. HE staining was performed. Observe the pathological changes of hippocampus and observe the deposition of senile plaques by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Compared with the normal group, the mice in the model group had significantly decreased learning and memory ability, no significant reduction in body weight, significantly reduced brain weight, significantly decreased neuronal cells in hippocampus, vacuolar degeneration of granule cells, glial cell proliferation, and immunohistochemistry. The results showed that there were more senile plaque deposits; compared with the model group, the total saponins group continued to increase significantly in learning and memory, the brain weight increased, the number of nerve cells increased, the granule cell degeneration decreased, no obvious glial cell proliferation, and the senile plaque deposition decreased. . Conclusion: Distillation of total saponins can improve the ability of learning and memory in mice. The mechanism may be related to the decrease of nerve cell death and degeneration and the reduction of senile plaque deposition.